Desde la Raíz

7 de marzo de 2026

How have countries prepared for COP29?

Escrito por:

Bianca Coleffi

The next November is going to develop in Azerbaiyán the Cop29. How have countries arrived at this COP? Wich are the Sur Global countries that stand out? Which role Argentina is going to have?

 

What is the COP? Which is their funtions?

The Convention on Climate Change (COP) is the most important event about this topic. In there, it has developed activities, meetings and negotiating between countries, the civil society and the private sector, with the objective to advance in actions that stop the climate tracker.

Only the United States and the European Union, emits the 75% of carbon dioxide that damages the atmosphere, and with China it grows to 90%. Argentina, as the same to others south global countries is one of that generate the lest Co2 emissions with only 8% of impact in the world according to a public study in Earth System Science Data.

In 2015 in COP21 it was signed the Paris Agreement: an agreement between North and South Global countries for reducing greenhouse emissions and implement adaptation politics for this reality.

This agreement was the first of this type in the history of COPs.

With the agreement, every five years the countries must show up theirs national contributions for mitigations and adaptation compromises. The main goal is that the total sum of all the commitments assumed by the countries are necessary to reduce the current temperature of the earth which is above 2°C according to an analysis by Climate Tracker. The Agreement´s final objective is to reach 1.5°C.

The actual host in COP29 and the next one in COP30

This year the COP29 is going to be chaired by the Ecology and Enviromental Resources Minister of Azerbaiyán, Mukhtar Babayev. The next COP is going to develop in Bakú between the 11th and 22nd of November.

At the age of 56, Mukhtar Babayev follows their predecessor steps who was the previous COP28´s president in Dubai the Sultán al-Jaber. He presided the last climate conference at the same time he was the director of  Maximum Energy Minimum Emissions (ADNOC), the principal oil company in the Emiratos Árabes.

The azerbaijan Minister will play the same role the next November because he worked 16 years for the national company of petroleum and gas in Socar.

The country that going to be the host in the next COP, developed big deposits of petroleum and gas in the Mar Caspio since 1990. Now at days, the gas is more important than the petroleum in Azerbaiyán, because its exports to Europe.

“The country have dependent of hydrocarbons that represent a few at 50% of their PIB, more than the 50% of their budgest incomes, and more than the 90% of their income exportation”, Saied Francis Perrin, specialist of energy at the Institute of Internacional and Estrategic Relations.

A few of the critical in the COP28 that developed the last year in Dubai, was the hypocrisy of developed in petroleum country while the principal compromise of the countries are the decarbonization

In the other hand, Brasil is one of the undisputed environmental leader in Latin América, because the last year was one of the biggest delegations and it called the attention for their progress and results in environmental mattery, that is positioners like one of the principal fighters against the climate tracker in the Lula Da Silva gestion.

The decrease deforestation in Amazon jungle- fell 49% in the first night month of the year- the reactivation of the Amazonia Found composed by the contributions of the most riches countries, and the creation of new protected areas, were some of the environmental politics in Brasil, that took a radical flight to de environmental politics that toke in the previous gestion of Bosonaro.

Also, is getting on others politics like the creation of a carbon market and a ecological plan of transformation for the country. Brazil was driving alliances whit others tropical countries like Republic Democratic to Congo, whit the same objective in common; protect the Amazonia jungle.

Because of that, Brazil won a place to bee the next host in the COP30 in 2025.

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Which place made have Argentina in the next COP?

By other way, Argentina stills without finding a place in the COPs. The last year it hasn´t had an important rol because it was in a transitional moment by the national elections.

However, the gestion of the actual president Javier Milei, considerates the environmental topics are not a priority. In the first place, because the Environmental Minister was cut off. In second place, cause the words of the pressident were: “the climate tracker doesn´t exist and it  is a socialist invent”. This words were said by him in a presidencial speech.

But the critical point was in the new project denominated “Ley de Bases”, that had a half of sanction in Deputies and it hopes to be approved in Senators by the next week. That project includes polemic politics that unprotect the environment, as transforming the budget clauses for native forest´s law (26.331) glacier´s law (26.639), and fire managements politic´s law.

The modification in the hydrocarbon law, the new Regiment for Incentivizing the Big Inversions (RIGI), has got tax benefits for extractivist Companies. Also, it carries the modification in the Administrative proccediment´ s law (19.549) that refers to the people participation.

By the way, the famous president´s “chainsaw” that tries to empty all the public organisms and institutions and the firing of essencial staff as the Nacional Park´s brigadiers, and ACUMAR staff  wich are some of the people in charge of puting out fire, and cleaning the Río Matanza- Riachuelo.

All of those modifications breach the Escazú agreement, which Argentina adheres, and by other way the country is not complaining the Paris Agreement for not collaborating with the climate tracker mitigations.